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Denis Sassou Nguesso (born 1943) is a Congolese politician who has been the President of the Republic of the Congo since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992. During his first period as President, he headed the single-party regime of the Congolese Party of Labour (PCT) for 12 years. Under pressure from international sources, he introduced multiparty politics in 1990 and was then stripped of executive powers by the 1991 National Conference, remaining in office as a ceremonial head of state. He stood as a candidate in the 1992 presidential election but was defeated, placing third. Sassou Nguesso was an opposition leader for five years before returning to power at the conclusion of the June–October 1997 civil war, in which his rebel forces ousted President Pascal Lissouba. Following a transitional period, he won the 2002 presidential election, which involved low opposition participation; he was re-elected in the 2009 presidential election.〔("Congo Republic poll losers challenge president's win" ), Reuters, 23 July 2009.〕 Sassou Nguesso is backed by a variety of political parties, most importantly the PCT. He is the President of the PCT Central Committee. ==Biography== A member of the Mbochi tribe, Sassou Nguesso was born in Edou in the Oyo district in northern Congo in 1943. He joined the army in 1960 just before the country was granted independence. He was marked for prominence and received military training in Algeria and at Saint Maixent, France before returning to join the elite paratroop regiment. He had socialist leanings and supported the opposition to Fulbert Youlou in ''Les Trois Glorieuses'' of August 1963. He was later part of the 1968 military coup that brought Marien Ngouabi to power and was a founding member of the Congolese Labour Party (''Parti Congolais du Travail'', PCT) in December 1969. In 1970 Sassou Nguesso was made Director of Security and a minister in the new presidential council. When Ngouabi was assassinated in March 1977, Nguesso played a key role in maintaining control, briefly heading the Military Committee of the Party (CMP, ''Comité Militaire du Parti'') that controlled the state before the succession of Colonel Joachim Yhombi-Opango. Sassou Nguesso was rewarded with a promotion to colonel and the post of vice-president of the CMP. He remained there until 5 February 1979 when Yhombi-Opango was forced from power in a technical coup accused of corruption and political deviancy. On 8 February, the CMP chose Nguesso as the new President, and at the Third Extraordinary Congress of the PCT his position was unanimously approved on 27 March 1979.〔"May 1979 – Appointment of President Sassou-Ngouesso confirmed – President elected Prime Minister – Ex-President to be tried for Treason", ''Keesing's Record of World Events'', volume 25, May 1979, Congo, page 29,628.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Denis Sassou Nguesso」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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